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CNC programming is the process of generating NC code automatically or manually by human intervention based on part geometry information from CAD and part process information from CAPP.
The core of CAM is computer numerical control, which is the process or system that applies computers to manufacturing processes. In 1952, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology first developed a CNC milling machine. The feature of CNC is to control the machine tool by program instructions encoded on the punched tape. Since then, the relevant personnel have developed a series of CNC machine tools, which can automatically change the tool from the tool magazine and automatically change the working position, which can continuously complete many processes such as sharpening, drilling, reaming and tapping. These are controlled by program instructions. The process can be changed by changing the program instructions. We call this feature of CNC a bit of flexibility.
CAM uses a computer to manage and control production equipment. Its input information is the process route and operation content of the part, and the output information is the motion track and numerical control program when the tool is processed.
The computer-aided manufacturing system is a multi-faceted work of controlling and managing the manufacturing process through the computer hierarchy. Its goal is to develop an integrated information network to monitor a broad range of interrelated manufacturing operations and to control each job based on an overall management strategy.
A large-scale computer-aided manufacturing system is a computer hierarchical network consisting of secondary or tertiary computer. The central computer controls the global and provides processed information. The host computer manages a certain aspect of the work and issues instructions and monitors the subordinate computer workstations or microcomputers. A computer workstation or microcomputer assumes a single process control process or management work.
The composition of a computer-aided manufacturing system can be divided into hardware and software. In terms of hardware, there are CNC machine tools, machining centers, conveyors, loading and unloading devices, storage devices, detection devices, computers, and so on. The software includes database, computer-aided process design, computer-aided NC programming, computer-aided tooling design, computer-aided work planning and scheduling, and computer-aided quality control.
CAD/CAPP/CAM needs to be integrated and seamlessly connected on the information flow, but it often neglects the enterprise's production organization and management. CAD, CAPP, and CAM are arranged in accordance with the production layout in terms of applications, operators, and system functions. The successful application of network technology has laid the foundation for this. The CAM system and operators are far away from the production site, causing undue repetition due to lack of understanding of the site conditions, wasting time, reducing efficiency, and even causing waste.
The traditional CAM system not only requires the operator to have a deep background in process knowledge, but also requires high CAD application skills. In general, it takes 1 to 3 months to get started with specialized training, and 1 to 3 years of practice can become a named staff. This makes the application of CAM extremely difficult. Because of the serious shortage of CAM reserve personnel, the talent competition in this area is extremely fierce, the production team is unstable, and serious talent management problems arise. The situation of China's vast state-owned enterprises in this regard is even more serious. Therefore, enterprises urgently need a new generation of CAM systems that are easy to learn, easy to use, highly intelligent, and highly professional.
Throughout the process, users play a leading role, and CAM software replaces monotonous and boring numerical operations. Strategy selection, processing flow, feature selection and parameter selection are software users, and whether these are reasonable depends on the user's experience, knowledge, understanding of the process, and even responsibility. The influence of human factors leads to the processing procedure of the same part. The procedures issued by different programmers are very different, and the processed parts will also have the difference of quality, efficiency and cost.
