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Injection machine is also known as injection molding machines. It is the main molding equipment for making thermoplastic or thermosetting materials into various plastic products by using injection mold. Injection machines usually consist of injection system, clamping system, hydraulic transmission system, electrical controlling system, lubrication system, heating and cooling system, safety monitoring system and so on.
The function of the injection system: the injection system is one of the most important components of the injection molding machine, there are generally three main forms: plunger type, screw type, screw pre-plastic plunger injection type. The most widely used is the screw type. The function of the screw type injection is that, in a cycle of the injection molding machine, a certain amount of plastic can be plasticized in a predetermined time, and the molten plastic is injected into the mold cavity through the screw at a certain pressure and speed, after the injection is completed, the melt injected plastic in the molding cavity can be kept in shape.
Composition of the injection system: The injection system consists of a plasticizing device and a power transmission device.
The plasticizing device of the screw type injection molding machine is mainly composed of a feeding device, a barrel, a screw, a glue assembly and a nozzle portion. The power transmission device includes an injection cylinder, an injection base moving cylinder, and a screw drive device (melt glue motor).
The function of the clamping system: The function of the clamping system is to ensure that the mold is closed, opened and ejected the products. At the same time, after the mold is closed, it can provide sufficient clamping force for the mold to resist the cavity pressure generated by the molten plastic entering the cavity, preventing the mold from being slit, resulting in a bad condition of the products.
The composition of the clamping system: the clamping system is mainly composed of a clamping device, a machine clamping, a mold adjustment mechanism, an ejection mechanism, a front and rear fixed template, a moving template, a clamping cylinder and a safety protection mechanism.
The function of the hydraulic transmission system is to provide power according to various actions required by the process and meet the requirements of pressure, speed and temperature required by each part of the injection molding machine. It is mainly composed of hydraulic components and hydraulic auxiliary components, of which the oil pump and motor are the power source of injection molding machine. Various valves control oil pressure and flow to meet the requirements of the injection molding process.
The electrical controlling system and the hydraulic system are properly coordinated to achieve the process requirements (pressure, temperature, speed, time) of the injection machine and various program actions. It is mainly composed of electrical appliances, electronic components, meters, heaters, sensors and so on. There are generally four control modes: manual, semi-automatic, fully automatic, and adjustment.
The heating system is used to heat the barrel and the injection nozzle. The barrel of the injection molding machine generally uses a heating coil as a heating device, it is installed outside the barrel and is detected by a thermocouple. The heat is provided by the heat conduction of the tube wall to provide heat source for plasticizing the material. The cooling system is mainly used to cool the oil temperature. Too high oil temperature may cause various faults, so the oil temperature must be controlled. There is an another cooling place near the feed opening of the feed pipe to prevent the raw material from melting at the feed opening, resulting in the raw material not be properly cut.
The lubrication system is a circuit that provides lubrication conditions for the movable parts of the injection molding machine, the mold adjustment device, the hinge of the connecting rod, the shooting table, etc., so as to reduce the energy consumption and improve the service life of the parts. The lubrication can be periodic manual lubrication, and it can also be automatic electric lubrication.
The safety device of the injection molding machine is mainly used to protect people and machines. It is mainly composed of safety door, safety baffle, hydraulic valve, limit switch, photoelectric detection component, etc., it is to achieve electrical-mechanical-hydraulic interlock protection.
The monitoring system mainly monitors the oil temperature, material temperature, system overload, and process and equipment failure of the injection molding machine, and observes abnormal conditions for indication or alarm.
